Grammar CAE

CAE EXAM – sentence transformation

Exercise 1

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. DO NOT CHANGE ANY WORD GIVEN. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.

There is a strong possibility that this species of rhino will become extinct.    DANGER

This species of rhino is __________________________ extinct

 

I thought Sue’s original plan was to move to Australia.   IMPRESSION

I _________________________________ was originally planning to move to Australia.

 

Mr Black was well known as a bad tempered man, but he was also fair. REPUTATION

Despite ___________________ bad –tempered, Mr Black was als fair.

 

Signing the contract without the director’s approval is not allowed.  CIRCUMSTANCES

Under _____________________ sign the contract without the director’s approval.

 

It looks like you didn’t sleep well last night.       IF

You look __________________ much sleep last night.

Exercise 2 

I don’t believe that Jane ran that distance in only five minutes.   POSSIBLY

Jane _______________________ that distance in only five minutes

 

Simon doesn’t agree with me about which slogan is best for the campaign.                            DIFFERENCE

Simon  __________________ opinion over which slogan is best for the campaign 

 

John lawyer suggested that he ignored all the reporters.      ATTENTION

John’s Lawyer advised _________________ all the reporters.

 

We doubt that Kate will give us any materials.    CHANCE

We think ___________________ Kate giving any materials to us.

 

They left for Paris at mignight.                              OFF

They ________________for Paris at midgnight.

Exercise 3

When I last looked for my passport, after finding it I realized I had lost it in a pile of papers.

SEA

When I last looked for my passport, after finding it I realized I had lost it in ___________  detail.

 

Don’t waste too much time and effort doing trying to solve this problem.

INK

Don’t waste ____________________________________________ this problem.

 

Never delay until tomorrow what you can do today.

OFF

___________________________ until tomorrow what you can do today.

 

Even though we started our journey relatively early, we still arrived quite late.

SET

______________________________ relatively early, we still arrived quite late.

 

Dear students, please wear a protective mask for this experiment as the chemicals used eliminate gases.

Dear students, please wear a protective mask for this experiment as ___________________ gases.

 

As we didn’t have any advanced technical equipment, we used the projector and the monitor for our presentation to launch the new product.

HAVING

___________________________ advanced technical equipment, we used the projector and the monitor for our presentation to manage to launch the new product.

Exercise 4

The industrial revolution caused dramatic changes to the structure of society.

RESULTED

The industrial revolution _____________________ dramatic changes to the structure of society.

 

Overheating can have as a result health problems in later life.

TO

Overheating can ________________________ problems in later life.

 

After taking antibiotics for days, there was a dramatic effect in her condition.

WITHIN

_________________________________, there was a dramatic effect in her condition.

 

The authorities will probably discover who was responsible for the destruction of the ancient monument.

LIKELY

The ___________________________________ find out who was responsible for the destruction of the ancient monument.

 

John arrived unexpectedly and interrupted our conversation with Mia.

BLUE

John arrived ____________________________ and interrupted our conversation with Mia.

Exercise 5

Never ever again make any important decision spontaneously, without having thought carefully about any possible consequences.

SPUR

Never ever again make any important decision on ______________________________________ without having thought carefully about any possible consequences.

 

In my previous work experience, the negative environment in the department and people’s attitude towards many problems weren’t in my power.

CONTROL/hands

In my previous experience, the negative environment in the department and people’s attitude towards many problems were totally _______________________________________.

 

I’ve been overwhelmed with work for weeks and things are still unlikely to change. I have to do so much…

END

I’ve been overwhelmed with work for weeks and ______________________________ sight. I have to do so much.

 

Helping my friend was just something I needed to achieve another favor in turn.

MEANS

Helping my friend was just _________________________.

Exercise 7

It was very easy for someone to steal the car because Dad forgot to lock it.

STOLEN

Dad forgot to lock the car which explains ______________________ easily.

 

Anne told me that she doesn’t intend to stop working.

INTENTION

Anne told me that she _________________________ up her job.

 

I don’t usually learn anything useful from the TV, but last night I did.

CHANGE

It _______________________________ useful from the TV last night.

 

Despite usually feeling comfortable when he spoke in public, John felt quite nervous this time.

USED

Even _____________________________ in public, John felt quite nervous this time.

Exercise 8

1.If you are caught by the police after offending , the police must caution you immediately.

ARRESTED

If _______________________________________ a crime, the police must caution you immediately.

 

2.You will be taken to the police station, interviewed and may then be to blame for being responsible of a crime and taken into custody.

WITH

You will be taken to the police station, interviewed and may ______________ ________________ a criminal offence and taken into custody.

 

3.If you are found responsible for the crime, you can appeal against the verdict.

OF

If you are _________________________ the crime, you can appeal against the verdict.

4.You may have to stay in prison for a number of years, but could be released on parole for good behavior.

SENTENCED

You ______________________number of years in prison, but could be released on parole for good behavior.

 

PASSIVE VOICE – HOW TENSES CHANGE FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE

 

 

 

 

PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions – Time

ENGLISH	USAGE	EXAMPLE
on	days of the week	on Monday
in	months / seasons time of day year after a certain period of time (when?)	in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour
at	for night for weekend a certain point of time (when?)	at night at the weekend at half past nine
since	from a certain point of time (past till now)	since 1980
for	over a certain period of time (past till now)	for 2 years
ago	a certain time in the past	2 years ago
before	earlier than a certain point of time	before 2004
to	telling the time	ten to six (5:50)
past	telling the time	ten past six (6:10)
to / till / until	marking the beginning and end of a period of time	from Monday to/till Friday
till / until	in the sense of how long something is going to last	He is on holiday until Friday.
by	in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time	I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o’clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction)

ENGLISH	USAGE	EXAMPLE
in	room, building, street, town, country book, paper etc. car, taxi picture, world	in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world
at	meaning next to, by an object for table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work
on	attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio	the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio
by, next to, beside	left or right of somebody or something	Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
under	on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	the bag is under the table
below	lower than something else but above ground	the fish are below the surface
over	covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle	put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall
above	higher than something else, but not directly over it	a path above the lake
across	getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side	walk across the bridge swim across the lake
through	something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	drive through the tunnel
to	movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed	go to the cinema go to London / Ireland go to bed
into	enter a room / a building	go into the kitchen / the house
towards	movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	go 5 steps towards the house
onto	movement to the top of something	jump onto the table
from	in the sense of where from	a flower from the garden

Other important Prepositions

ENGLISH	USAGE	EXAMPLE
from	who gave it	a present from Jane
of	who/what does it belong to what does it show	a page of the book the picture of a palace
by	who made it	a book by Mark Twain
on	walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle	on foot, on horseback get on the bus
in	entering a car  / Taxi	get in the car
off	leaving a public transport vehicle	get off the train
out of	leaving a car  / Taxi	get out of the taxi
by	rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horseriding)	prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus
at	for age	she learned Russian at 45
about	for topics, meaning what about	we were talking about you

1. Prepositions – exercises

VERB TENSES

Present Perfect Tense

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

PLURAL NOUNS

THERE/ THEY ARE/ THEIR

GENITIVE CASE

THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE

https://www.grammar.cl/Notes.htm

Comparatives and superlatives

Complete these sentences with one word:

1. Petrol isn’t as expensive in the USA as it is in the UK.
2. My father drives more slowly __________ my mother.
3. They said that today was __________ the hottest day of the year.
4. Let’s got by train .It’s ______ comfortable than the coach.
5. This is the __________ flight I’ve ever been on. I’ll never fly with this airline again.
6. I think trains are ___________ dangerous than cars. There are fewer accidents.
7. It’s __________ to go by tube than by bus. Buses are much slower.
8. The M25 is __________busiest motorway in the UK.
9. You are at the Sheraton. We are staying at the same hotel __________ you.
10. Why don’t we go hitchhiking? It’s the __________expensive way to travel.

ADJECTIVES IN -ED & -ING

WORD ORDER – ADJECTIVES

ALL/ EVERY/ EACH

ANOTHER/ OTHER/ OTHERS

BOTH/ EITHER/NEITHER

CAN/ COULD

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

COUNTABLE/ UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

DO/ DOES/ DID/ DONE

STILL, YET, ALREADY – PRESENT PERFECT

PRESENT PERFECT – FOR, SINCE

HOW MUCH/ HOW MANY

MODAL VERBS: SHALL

MODAL VERB SHOULD

MODAL VERBS: MAY & MIGHT

MUST

VERY/ TOO/ENOUGH

• Present simple exercises https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepresent.html
• Present simple practice http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/present-tense/present-simple
• English verbs at PET level and other activies http://englishrevealed.co.uk/pet.php – English at different levels (PET in this case)http://englishrevealed.co.uk/pet.php

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

VERBOS QUE NO SUELEN EMPLEAR LA FORMA PROGRESIVA

Los verbos de la siguiente lista suelen utilizar la forma simple porque hacen referencia a estados, más que acciones o procesos.

SENSACIÓN / PERCEPCIÓN

• to feel*
• to hear
• to see*
• to smell
• to taste

OPINIÓN

• to assume
• to believe
• to consider
• to doubt
• to feel (= pensar)
• to find (= considerar)
• to suppose
• to think*

ESTADOS MENTALES

• to forget
• to imagine
• to know
• to mean
• to notice
• to recognise
• to remember
• to understand

EMOCIONES / DESEOS

• to envy
• to fear
• to dislike
• to hate
• to hope
• to like
• to love
• to mind
• to prefer
• to regret
• to want
• to wish

MEDIDAS

• to contain
• to cost
• to hold
• to measure
• to weigh

OTROS

• to look (=parecerse a)
• to seem
• to be (en la mayoría de los casos)
• to have (cuando significa “poseer”)*

EXCEPCIONES

Los verbos de sensación y percepción (see, hear, feel, taste, smell) suelen utilizarse con can: I can see… Pueden tomar la forma progresiva pero, en este caso, su significado suele variar.

• This coat feels nice and warm. (percepción de las cualidades del abrigo)
• John’s feeling much better now (está mejor de salud)
• She has three dogs and a cat. (posesión)
• She’s having supper. (está tomando)
• I can see Anthony in the garden (percepción)
• I’m seeing Anthony later (tenemos intención de vernos)

Future Tenses. English first:

https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/future/

GRAMMAR PRACTICE ENGLISH FILE – U.3

Fill in the gaps with the right word. Choose one option out of four (A,B,C,D).

1.Don’t forget to put your __________ belt on.

1. Hand
2. Seat
3. Chair
4. upper

2.You’ll get a __________ fine if you leave your car there.

• Car
• Transport
• Parking
• Park

3.Sorry we’re late. We were stuck in a ___________ jam in the city centre.

• taxi
• Car
• Transport
• Traffic

4.We got held – up by the __________ works on the motorway.

• Street
• Path
• road
• avenue

5. I wish cyclists would use the ________ lane instead of the pavement.

• Bike
• Biking
• Cycling
• Cycle

6. We need to fill up at the _________ station before we set off.

• Petrol
• Gas
• Fuel
• Car

7.The traffic is always worse during the ___________ hour.

• Rush
• Rushing
• Pick
• Pick-time

8.There aren’t any cabs waiting at the _________ rank.

• Car
• Driving
• Taxi
• bus

9.Slow down! There are _____________ cameras on this road.

• Fast
• Dangerous
• Speed
• modern

10.We stopped at the _____________ lights and waited for them to turn green.

• Road
• Street
• Car
• Traffic

Here are some links for further practise 🙂

1. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test/esol-smc-adverbs
2. http://www.ihbristol.com/useful-english-expressions/example/telling-people-your-job2/8
3. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test-esol/esol-mcc-a-great-composer
4. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test-esol/esol-oc-a-floating-voter
5. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test-esol/esol-gs-cancelled-festival
6. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test-esol/esol-wf-a-bad-first-impression
7. http://www.ihbristol.com/free-english-exercises/test-esol/esol-kt-barbeque
8. http://www.cambridge.org/gb/elt/teachers/zones/categoryresources/item2325601/2325601846817/Grammar-Certificate-in-Advanced-English-%28CAE%29/?site_locale=en_GB&currentSubjectID=2325601&currentCategoryId=846&parentCategoryId=817
9. http://www.cambridge.org/servlet/file/store7/item2421980/version1/GrammCAEProficiency%20TEST%20EntryTest.pdf
10. http://cambridge-english-advanced.cambridgeesol.org/exam-preparation-materials.html
11. http://www.englishspeaker.com/index%20-%20CAE.html
12. http://ebookbrowse.com/advanced-english-c-a-e-grammar-practice-pdf-d118395685